Earth Resistivity Meter

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This new 16 bits instrument represents a large step forward in the field of electrical resistivity measurement at medium and great depth. Reliable and portable, the 16GL system is characterized by really first-rate performances at extremely low cost. The possibility to download data through the RS-232 port enables a quick interpretation with the VES 2000 interpretation software. It is recommended, as to exploit its capabilities, to use it in conjunction with the P-300 energizer (300 V - 0.5 A) or with the rechargeable accumulator P-100.

 

 

Applications

 

Methods

 

There are different methods that may be used when carrying out vertical electrical soundings (V.E.S.), all substantially based on the energization of the ground by means of the input of a current by two electrodes (A and B) and the voltage measurement between two other electrodes (M and N), which have a different position compared to A and B.

Measuring the voltage between M and N you’ll obtain the apparent resistivity value of the ground: in general, it is possible to operate on an always bigger target area, by increasing the distance between the current electrodes progressively, and, therefore, have always more information on the depth. From this it is possible to reconstruct a curve of apparent resistivity variation with depth, which can be interpreted by means of the relative data inversion software (see also the section concerned).

The current introduced in the ground is a continuous current which is periodically “commutated” in such a way to result under the form of a square wave: this makes it possible to limit troublesome phenomenons like the “polarisation of electrodes” in M and N, a real “battery-effect” which can make the voltage measurement of these electrodes impossible.

 

 

A complete geo-electrical instrument consists generally of the following components:

 

Main Functions

 

Technical Specification

 

Energization curve

may be customized by the following parameters:

   positive and negative wave length:

      0,1 – 9,9 sec (impl. at 25 sec.)

   time between positive and negative wave:

      0,1 – 9,9 sec

   intercycle time: 1 – 99 sec

   no of cycles: 1 – 99

Resolution

610 nV, 126.8nA

Display

16 x 2 characters, background lighting

Number of readout per wave

3 readouts of voltage and 3 readouts of current, consecutively and at wave term

Voltage range for VMN

from +/-20mV to +/-1280 V (automatically selected)

Display of measures

date and time

sequence number

V, I and V/I (already mediated)

Memory

up to 1500 measures

Printer (optional)

DPU-414 SEIKO

External data ports

RS-232, printer

Recommended energizer

600V (1200V peak-peak), 0.5A max

Noise suppression

superior to 98 db at 50-60 Hz

Power supply

2x internal rechargeable battery 6V - 4A/h

Autonomy

more than 50 h, with low battery alarm indicated on display

Operating temperature

0 ÷ 60°C

Storage temperature

-20°C ÷ +80°C

Physical dimensions

38 x 27 x 15 cm (shock proof case)

Weight

7 kg

 

[Earth Resistivity Meter]   [Energizers]   [VES inversion software]

 

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           Energizers

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Rechargeable Accumulator P100 series: P100-1/2/3

    • A valid and ecological alternative to disposable 90V batteries,
    • P-100 represents a renewable energy source for the realization of vertical electrical soundings.
    • It will be possible to carry out a series connection up to a voltage delivery of maximum 1000V.
    • P-100 is compatible with the earth resistivity meter
    • it is delivered in a practical transport case with handle.

     

     

      Technical specification

       

    • Output

        P100-1:100 V – 1000 mA max, adjustable

        P100-2:200V – 500mA max, adjustable

        P100-3:300V – 300mA max, adjustable

    • Power supply: External battery charger,220V
    • Dimensions: 24x18x11 cm
    • Weight: 2.5 kg

     

P100 energizer

     

Rechargeable Accumulator P300 series: P300, P300-T

    A practical and compact alternative to 90V batteries, P-300 is capable to deliver the correct quantity of current for every need in a totally controlled way.

    It is available in two versions: when used with conventional systems for vertical electrical soundings, P-300 (standard version) provides for the optimal energization of the ground, allowing the maximum energy saving; when used with the 16G instruments for electrical imaging (P-300T version), the working voltage and the current to be delivered are on the contrary controlled and read directly by the earth resistivity meter (in a condition of galvanic isolation both towards the battery and the electrodes) in function to the current being set and the conditions of the ground.

     

    • Input voltage: 12 V +/- 20%
    • Output voltage: 0-300 V +/-5%, with automatic limitation of the ouput power
    • Power supply: 6Ah rechargeable internal battery; external battery (reversed polarity protection)
    • Output current: 0-450 mA +/-10%, with automatical current overcharge
    • Efficiency: 75-80%
    • Internal battery supply:

        • 5000 cycles at 100% of power

        10000 cycles at 50% of power

    • Operating frequency: 50 kHz
    • Type of insulation: galvanic type between battery and energizing electrodes
    • Voltage and current indications: by LED on panel
    • Battery control: state of charge indication on panel
    • Current programming: by potentiometer
    • Safety devices: reversed polarity protection in case of power supply from external battery
    • Operating temperature: from –10 °C to +60 °C
    • Storage temperature: from –20 °C to +80 °C
    • Dimensions: 33x30x15 cm
    • Weight: 7 kg

       

P300-T energizer

 

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          VES inversion software

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This software package, available for compatible PC IBM systems and implemented in Windows® environment, has been conceived for the inversion, on data processing basis, of vertical electric soundings realized with the most currently used spreading types.

 

Its main functions are among others the following:

  • field data input (with printing possibilities)
  • numerical input of layer thickness and resistivity
  • display of related theoretical curve in superimposition to the field data
  • automatical identification of the succession of layers and related theoretical curve without the need to entry any parameter whatsoever and with the possibility to select the number of layers required
  • display of layers in bilogarithmic scale on the same graph as that for the theoretical curve and that for the field data.
  • possibility to modify the layers resistivity or thickness directly on the graph, immediately showing the consequent variations of the theoretical curve (thus no need to digit numeric values).
  • determination of the Equivalent Models (at the end of the operation a window will display the percentage shifting between the calculated and the field curve)
  • possibility to directly enter the description of the probable lithotypes on the screen as they are identified during the inversion
  • possibility to modify the step of the decade being employed for the identification of the theoretical curve
  • printing of the table related to the layers (with the possible description of lithotypes) as well as the bilogarithmic graph representing the field data points, the theoretical curve and the layers representation (optional)
  • possibility to customize header and print-outs
  • possibility to edit data

VESZ inverziós szoftver

 

[Earth Resistivity Meter]   [Energizers]   [VES inversion software]

 

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